5 thoughts on “What are the strange treasures of Yuanmingyuan?”
Tabitha
The "hexagonal bottle" of the Qing Qianlong in the Yuanmingyuan (that is, the outer pink blue sauce glaze, the gold and silver lotus pattern powder, the three -more melon fruit, the heart painted blue and white branch, the flower pattern hexagonal bottle) ("hexagonal set", for short It is also known as Tang Ying's "Metro Linglongjiao Thai Bottle", which is 40.6 cm high) was the latest "Movement Linglongjiao Thai Bottle" that was developed at the time. The building style is similar, the craftsmanship is complex, and the technological content is extremely high. The palace in Yuanmingyuan is completely built with sandalwood and is expensive.
The palace on the east bank of Fuhai, all pillars and room beams are filled with diamonds and gems.
Illabing Yuanmingyuan is another crime of British French forces to cover up the crime of robbery and theft. This is the sinner's sinful logic. Since 1700, the rulers of the Qing Dynasty gathered financial and material resources, and the service has enabled countless capable craftsmen. After more than 150 years, the five emperors have been built into Yuanmingyuan. Known as the "China First Garden", it has the reputation of "Oriental Museum".
In Qianlong to 24 years of Qianlong, the Qing court used 14 years to absorb the Baruk form of western buildings. At the northern end of Changchun Garden, it was built in the ten scenic spots of Dashui Dharma. building". The Western Tower was designed and supervised by Emperor Hongli Emperor Lang Shining, French Jiang Youren and Wang Zhicheng, and was built by Chinese craftsmen. Western -style palaces are built in Chinese gardens. Haiyantang is the largest building in the western building. There are fountains in front of the building. On the east and west sides of the upstairs, there is a water car room with a industrial shape and a reservoir in the middle.
In October 1860, the British and French forces broke into Yuanmingyuan and carried out a terrible robbery. In order to cover up the brutal atrocities of trample on human civilization, on October 18, the invaders burned this rare art treasure house at home and abroad.
In 1900, the Eight -Power Allied Forces invaded, and the Yuanmingyuan was caught again. More than ten scenic spots were plundered. The robbers plundered a large number of art treasures in the park. Treasure. The statue of the twelve zodiac signs of the Daishui method is also difficult to escape. The stone sculptures were destroyed, and the copper beast head also flowed overseas. The destruction of Yuanmingyuan is an inestimable loss in the history of the motherland, and it is also an inestimable loss in the history of world culture! The Yuanming Garden in the northwestern suburbs of Beijing is a world -famous royal garden. It consists of Yuanmingyuan, Wanchun Garden and Changchun Garden, so it is also called Yuanming Sanyuan. In addition, there are many small gardens, which are distributed on the east, west and south south of the Yuanmingyuan, and the stars are surrounded by the Yuanmingyuan. The golden halls in the Yuanmingyuan and the exquisite pavilions and pavilions; there are "buying and selling streets" symbolizing the lively market, as well as the rural villages that symbolize the rural scenery. Many scenes in the garden are built in accordance with the place of victory everywhere. Such as Pinghu Qiuyue, Lei Fengxi in Hangzhou West Lake, Anlan Garden in Haining, Lion Forest in Suzhou. There are also many landscapes built according to the poetry of ancient poets, such as Penglai Yaotai and Wuling spring ... There are not only national buildings, but also western landscapes. In the walking garden, it is like a roaming in Tiannanhai and the north, full of Chinese and foreign landscapes; when lingering, it seems to be in the realm of fantasy. The Yuanmingyuan not only magnificent architecture, but also the most precious historical relics. From the bronze rituals in the pre -Qin era, to Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming, and Qing Celebraous Celebrity calligraphy and painting, all kinds of strange treasures. Therefore, it was the largest museum and art museum in the world at that time
At the prosperous of the Yuanmingyuan, no less than 1.5 million pieces of cultural relics
The bronze statue of the zodiac signs is just a drop in the sea of losing cultural relics in Yuanmingyuan.
It today in the Yuanmingyuan Site Park, people can only see the semi -waste landscapes and broken walls. It is difficult to imagine the reputation of "Wanyuan Garden" here. There are hundreds of famous scenic groups in the Yuanmingyuan of Shengshi. The several generations of the Qing Dynasty have carefully operated this royal garden in Western architectural style in more than 150 years. The place where emperors are traveling can not be surpassed. "But now, people can only use their imagination to speculate the style of Yuanmingyuan more than a hundred years ago.
How is the cultural relics in Yuanmingyuan? This issue has divergent opinions so far.
If infected by Mr. Yang, the number of cultural relics in Yuanmingyuan will not be less than 1.5 million. From the historical materials of the Qing Dynasty archives, the research articles of the Palace Museum, and the "Social File of the Summer Palace", he collected a lot of evidence:
The time in Yuanmingyuan is more than half a year. Taking Emperor Qianlong as an example, according to the dresses of the Qing Internal Affairs Mansion, the 21st year of Qianlong, a total of 393 days a year (because of the leap month), Qianlong went to the Rehee Summer Villa and Mulan Pymalisa for 66 days, and went to Qufu for 54 days. Inner (Forbidden City) 105 days, live in Yuanmingyuan for 168 days. Twenty -four years of Daoguang, 347 days throughout the year, Emperor Daoguang lived in Yuanmingyuan for 274 days, and lived in the palace for only 73 days. Therefore, the furnishings in the Yuanming Park should not be inferior to the Forbidden City.
The building area of the Yuanming Garden is 200,000 square meters, which is more than 40,000 square meters more than the entire building area of the Forbidden City. Except for the area of pavilion that will not have any furnishings, the construction area of the park, sacrifice, reading, amusement, storage warehouses, etc. is about 190,000 square meters. If the number of cultural relics in general furnishings and warehouses is stored in general furnishings and warehouses, it should also be no less than the number of cultural relics in the Forbidden City. According to the calculation, the real estate relics of the Forbidden City should be at least about 1.5 million when Pu Yi abdicated.
Themailing in the Gwang of the Gwangles During the During the Direct, it is in detail to inspect the reservoir in the palace and the Yuanming gardens in the fifteen years. 280,694 in Yuanming Garden; 1621 of Ruyi, including 1,194 palaces, and 450 types of Yuanming Garden; 501 such as jade and strokes, including 142 palace memory, 337 yuan in Yuanming garden; first -class porcelain furnaces, bottles, tanks, etc. A total of 773 pieces, including 337 palace memory, 291 storage of Yuanming Garden ... The collection of Yuanmingyuan can be seen slightly.
The r
in 1860, the British and French forces were snatched by most cultural relics when the British and French coalition destroyed the Yuanmingyuan.
. According to the British French Invasion Army, which participated in the robbery of the Yuanmingyuan that year: In order to auction the treasures robbed from the Yuanmingyuan, they "arranged the full exhibition in the hall of the Lama Temple", among which there are various types The color of white and green jade, antique enamel porcelain bottle, bronze utensils, gold and silver Buddha statues; fur products are also particularly exquisite, many of them are very precious, including sable, otter, sable, lambskin leather Waiting; especially the purpose of the dynasty, there are two or three emperors. The British commander Grant gave his "deserved" part of the soldiers, "the officers presented him with a red gold jug that was carved with patterns, which was the most exquisite thing in the stolen products." The Queen of England also got a copy of the two beautiful large enamel bottles.
The commander of the French Army's commander of the French Army made one of the two golds and jasper grabbing, one was given to Grant to the Queen of Britain, and the other was dedicated to the French King Napoleon III. After returning to China, Mencopo dedicated to Napoleon III: two general decorative sticks, made of gold, inlaid with large gems in the middle and ends, and the workmanship is extremely fine; The French Jimei Military Museum is exhibited), with a battle helmet; the bronze pagoda of gilt and glaze; several idols made of gold and glaze; many rings, collars, wine glasses, lacquer wares, porcelain, and thousands of rare play objects Essence
Eytriulus, the plunder Yuanmingyuan cultural relics are scattered around the world through various auctions and other clubs. But most of them are preserved in Britain and France.
The Oriental Art Museum of the British Museum preserved more than 20,000 rare treasures in China. The British army dedicated part of the cultural relics they was robbed to the Queen Victoria at the time. This part of the dedication of the cultural relics and the auctioned Yuanmingyuan cultural relics were all put into the Oriental Art Museum. During the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Gu Kaizhi's "Female History Phase" was a rare treasure in the ancient scroll paintings of my country. In 1860, he was taken away by the British French forces from Yuanmingyuan; After being stolen from Yuanmingyuan, and after being copied, Yuma was re -put back to Yuanmingyuan, and eventually did not escape the fate of being looted.
The Chinese museum in Fengdan Bailu Palace, Paris, France, was built by Queen Ouyei of Napoleon III. After the British -French coalition forces destroyed the Yuanmingyuan in 1860, the commander of the French Army Mencius, the "warriper" robbed from Yuanmingyuan was dedicated to the Queen of Napoleon III and Euei. Queen Ouyini built the Chinese museum and collected these cultural relics.
The most prominent positions in the Chinese museum are a huge stupa, 2 meters high, bronze gilt gold, and the whole layer is inlaid with emerald. The left and right of the tower are a target tooth and a pair of bronze carved dragons, just like the bronze dragon -shaped system in front of the emperor's throne in the Forbidden City, the Summer Villa, etc., indicating that this pair of bronze dragons should be the place in front of the throne of the emperor of the Yuanming Garden of the Yuanmingyuan Garden. Things. A pair of golden tanks and a golden ta (Tibetan Buddhist temple fabric), the golden tanks were shining in Ruyi patterns, and King Manza was inlaid with pearls, turquoise and ruby, which showed how luxurious the arrangement was in the Yuanmingyuan at that time. There is a bunch of big rosary in the glass table and cabinet. There are 154 beads, which is different from the beads of 108 beads. Dedicated to Queen Ouyini, he did not expect that Queen Ouyini was not satisfied, because she had already heard that the officers of the expedition to China all returned. She complained that Mencopo only brought her a gift, so Menzo also sent her three car treasures, and a total of seven cars were sent before and after, including various bronze, jade, porcelain, lacquerware, gold, gold, and gold from the Yuanmingyuan Silver products, Jingtai Lan ...
This in the Metropolitan Museum of New York, USA has a handle of Kangxi Jade Ruyi carved with precious white jade. The two big characters of the royal system, the lower inscription is: "Respect for repeated years, the world is salty. Wu Jinggong entered." The exhibit description shows that this exquisite jade Ruyi was bought at the Paris auction after being robbed by the British and French forces ...
Is a day when there is a cultural relic of Yuanmingyuan?
The staff of the Yuanmingyuan Management Office have been inquiring about the whereabouts of the loss of cultural relics. With their efforts, some of the Copper Copper Cultural Relics, which are flowing in my country's folk, have clues. Mr. Yang Laiyun gave reporters for example that there was a pair of bronze lions in a unit in Beijing. It is said that it was once the Italian consulate in China. He was transported back to this pair of bronze lions from a place in Xishan (also said from the Yuanmingyuan) around 1900. According to Mr. Yang's understanding, this pair of bronze lions was produced during the Jiaqing period, and during the Jiaqing period, there was no large garden building in Xishan to build Qichun Garden. Qichun Garden is a part of the Yuanmingyuan. The palace gate of Qichun Garden was completed during the Jiaqing period. This pair of bronze lions should be the bronze lion at the door of Qichun Garden.
One or two years ago, a lady named Niu donated two vases and mirrors passed down to Yuanmingyuan. After preliminary research, these two vases were during the Guangxu period, one was from the Jiaqing period, and the three items were the Yuanmingyuan items that Prince Gong was degraded to the Qing Dynasty.
, after all, the cultural relics left in my country's folk Yuanmingyuan are a minority. A large number of precious cultural relics are lost overseas. Mr. Yang said helplessly: "The key issue is the lack of relevant international laws and conventions." Although my country has participated in several international conventions in the protection of cultural relics, the retrospective power of various international conventions and the contracting countries are very limited.
"But we must constantly call for it and negotiate with relevant countries. At the appropriate time, the United Nations Education and Sciences will jointly introduce relevant laws to restore illegal cultural relics from various countries." Mr. Yang said.
The literary and historical section where Mr. Yang is located has been committed to collecting information about the cultural relics of Yuanmingyuan, which is lost overseas, hoping to prepare for the cultural relics in the future. They hope that people who see the cultural relics of Yuanmingyuan in foreign museums will be able to return a portion of the introduction information to them.
Mrly said that the cultural information carried by historical relics can only produce the greatest effect only in its "origin". Leaving the historical relics of the cultural mother is just a lonely decoration. The Yuanmingyuan Site Park is being declared the World Cultural Heritage. If the declaration is successful, then according to the relevant provisions of the UNESCO's relevant provisions of the protective world cultural heritage and the spirit of "protecting cultural heritage in the origin", the relevant countries should not "rely" The cultural relics of Yuanmingyuan are not repaid. In Qianlong to 24 years of Qianlong, the Qing court used 14 years to absorb the Baruk form of western buildings. At the northern end of Changchun Garden, it was built in the ten scenic spots of Dashui Dharma, commonly known as the "Western Building". The Western Tower was designed and supervised by Emperor Hongli Emperor Lang Shining, French Jiang Youren and Wang Zhicheng, and was built by Chinese craftsmen. Western -style palaces are built in Chinese gardens. Haiyantang is the largest building in the western building. There are fountains in front of the building. On the east and west sides of the upstairs, there is a water car room with a industrial shape and a reservoir in the middle.
In October 1860, the British and French forces broke into Yuanmingyuan and carried out a terrible robbery. In order to cover up the brutal atrocities of trample on human civilization, on October 18, the invaders burned this rare art treasure house at home and abroad.
In 1900, the Eight -Power Allied Forces invaded, and the Yuanmingyuan was caught again. More than ten scenic spots were plundered. The robbers plundered a large number of art treasures in the park. Doom, stone carvings were destroyed, bronze beast head and famous bronze wares of Shang and Zhou Dynasty, ceramics of all ages, calligraphy and painting of ancient celebrities, the imperial seals of the Qing emperor, as well as palace furnishings such as Yu Ruyi, clocks, gold tower, and jade. There are exquisite artworks such as the Qing Dynasty porcelain, lacquerware, jade wares, tooth carving enamel, cloisonne, coral, agate, amber, crystal, gem, beads, wood carvings, etc. also flow overseas. "Siku Quanshu", "All Books", "Ancient and Modern Book Integration", "Chunhua Pavilion Post" and other precious books and cultural relics have not been spared.
Pay content for time limit to check for freenAnswer the strange treasures in the Yuanmingyuan include the first bronze statue of the Twelve Zodiac beasts, the hexagonal bottle, the female history of the female history, the forty views, and the Kangxiyu Ruyi. The specific introduction is as follows: 1. The bronze statue of the first zodiac beast of the Yuanmingyuan Zodiac Beast, the first bronze statue of the Zodiac beast of the Zodiac Signs, was originally part of the fountain outside the Haiyan Hall of the Yuanmingyuan. In 1860, the British and French forces invaded China, burned the Yuanmingyuan, and the bronze statue of the beast began to lose overseas. 2. Qianlong Qianlong Fanlong Green Sauce Glaze Drawing Gold and Silver Lotus Fancaine Powder San Duo Gua Guogukou in the heart painted blue and white tangled flower pattern hexagonal bottle. The transition period of the heart bottle is very high in technology and technology. Especially the outer layer is not a round ball, but a hexagonal hollow. In terms of shape, blanking, hollow, and mezzanine, the manufacturing difficulty has added another layer. 3. Female historical picture "Female History Phase" is a silk painting work created by Gu Kaizhi, Eastern Jin Dynasty. The original work has been crowded, and there are currently Tang Dynasty copies. The original 12 sections. Because of the age, there are only 9 sections of the existing existing, setting color for silk.
There are extremely rich books and cultural relics in the Yuanming Garden. Wenyuan Pavilion is a library built by the Ningbo Fan Tianyi Pavilion. It is one of the famous Royal North Four Pavilion. It was built in the forty years of Qianlong. In the pavilion, Qianlong Qin's "Siku Quanshu" and Kangxi's "Integration of Ancient and Modern Books" were collected. "Siku Quanshu" is the largest comprehensive book in ancient my country. It received more than 3,400 books, with nearly 80,000 volumes and more than 36,000 volumes. It reflects the ancient civilization of our country and shows the great spirit of the Chinese nation. Because of the vast articles of "The Book", those who selected it at the time were compiled and compiled into "Siku Quanshu Essentials", with 12,000 volumes. "Hui" copied two parts, one was stored in the Palace Palace, and the other was collected in the "Weiyi Study Room", which was collected in Changchun Garden with the Scriptures. In addition, there is also a well -known Wenxuan -Chun Huaxuan, which is specially built for the collection of the famous law post "Chunhua Pavilion Post". The "Pavilion" was originally engraved with the three years of Junhua (992) in Beining, including Wang Xizhi, Wang Xianzhi, and even Cangjie, Xia Yu, and Confucius. Ten volumes of posts are the first large -scale posts in our country, and they are known as the ancestors of the posts. During the Qianlong period, according to the "Early Expansion of the Northern Song Dynasty" in the "Pavilion Post", after the fine trial was determined, the hook carved stone was carried out. After three years, until the spring of the thirty -seventh year of Qianlong (1772), the 144 posts engraved were embedded in the left and right corridors in front of Chunhuaxuan. This is the famous "Qianjun Chunhua Pavilion Post". Needless to say, when the Yuanming Park was destroyed, the "Siku Quanshu", "All Books", "Integration of Ancient and Modern Books", and "Chunhua Pavilion Posts" in the garden were not spared. This can reflect the burning of the imperialist invaders of the imperialist aggressive garden and the huge damage caused by human culture. Of course, nothing will be perfect. The Yuanmingyuan is so great that it has been expanded and reconstructed by the emperor several dynasties. In addition, the influence of the feudal emperor's decaying consciousness, no matter what perspective of it, there is still a shortage of insufficient. However, in general, Yuanming Garden is indeed a very excellent garden. It can be said that it integrates the great achievements of my country's excellent gardening art, pushing our classical gardens to a new height. At that time, anyone who had witnessed his grand occasion said it was indeed good. Some Western people have begun to look at the Chinese gardens, and it starts from Yuanmingyuan. In short, Yuanmingyuan has won honors for our ancient civilization, which used to be the pride of our Chinese nation!
A palace in Yuanmingyuan is completely built with sandalwood and is expensive.
The palace on the east bank of Fuhai, all pillars and room beams are filled with diamonds and gems.
Illabing Yuanmingyuan is another crime of British French forces to cover up the crime of robbery and theft. This is the sinner's sinful logic. Since 1700, the rulers of the Qing Dynasty gathered financial and material resources, and the service has enabled countless capable craftsmen. After more than 150 years, the five emperors have been built into Yuanmingyuan. Known as the "China First Garden", it has the reputation of "Oriental Museum".
In Qianlong to 24 years of Qianlong, the Qing court used 14 years to absorb the Baruk form of western buildings. At the northern end of Changchun Garden, it was built in the ten scenic spots of Dashui Dharma. building". The Western Tower was designed and supervised by Emperor Hongli Emperor Lang Shining, French Jiang Youren and Wang Zhicheng, and was built by Chinese craftsmen. Western -style palaces are built in Chinese gardens. Haiyantang is the largest building in the western building. There are fountains in front of the building. On the east and west sides of the upstairs, there is a water car room with a industrial shape and a reservoir in the middle.
In October 1860, the British and French forces broke into Yuanmingyuan and carried out a terrible robbery. In order to cover up the brutal atrocities of trample on human civilization, on October 18, the invaders burned this rare art treasure house at home and abroad.
In 1900, the Eight -Power Allied Forces invaded, and the Yuanmingyuan was caught again. More than ten scenic spots were plundered. The robbers plundered a large number of art treasures in the park. Treasure. The statue of the twelve zodiac signs of the Daishui method is also difficult to escape. The stone sculptures were destroyed, and the copper beast head also flowed overseas. The destruction of Yuanmingyuan is an inestimable loss in the history of the motherland, and it is also an inestimable loss in the history of world culture! The Yuanming Garden in the northwestern suburbs of Beijing is a world -famous royal garden. It consists of Yuanmingyuan, Wanchun Garden and Changchun Garden, so it is also called Yuanming Sanyuan. In addition, there are many small gardens, which are distributed on the east, west and south south of the Yuanmingyuan, and the stars are surrounded by the Yuanmingyuan. The golden halls in the Yuanmingyuan and the exquisite pavilions and pavilions; there are "buying and selling streets" symbolizing the lively market, as well as the rural villages that symbolize the rural scenery. Many scenes in the garden are built in accordance with the place of victory everywhere. Such as Pinghu Qiuyue, Lei Fengxi in Hangzhou West Lake, Anlan Garden in Haining, Lion Forest in Suzhou. There are also many landscapes built according to the poetry of ancient poets, such as Penglai Yaotai and Wuling spring ... There are not only national buildings, but also western landscapes. In the walking garden, it is like a roaming in Tiannanhai and the north, full of Chinese and foreign landscapes; when lingering, it seems to be in the realm of fantasy. The Yuanmingyuan not only magnificent architecture, but also the most precious historical relics. From the bronze rituals in the pre -Qin era, to Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming, and Qing Celebraous Celebrity calligraphy and painting, all kinds of strange treasures. Therefore, it was the largest museum and art museum in the world at that time. On October 6, 1860, the British and French coalitions invaded Beijing and broke into Yuanmingyuan. They took away all the things in the garden, and they were all taken away. If you ca n’t go away, you will destroy and destroy it at any. In order to destroy the evidence of crime, on October 18th and 19th, more than 3,000 invaders were ordered to set fire in the park. The fire burned for three days, and the smoke clouds shrouded the entire Beijing city. The essence of the garden art and the essence of architectural art in my country has been turned into ashes.
The "hexagonal bottle" of the Qing Qianlong in the Yuanmingyuan (that is, the outer pink blue sauce glaze, the gold and silver lotus pattern powder, the three -more melon fruit, the heart painted blue and white branch, the flower pattern hexagonal bottle) ("hexagonal set", for short It is also known as Tang Ying's "Metro Linglongjiao Thai Bottle", which is 40.6 cm high) was the latest "Movement Linglongjiao Thai Bottle" that was developed at the time. The building style is similar, the craftsmanship is complex, and the technological content is extremely high.
The palace in Yuanmingyuan is completely built with sandalwood and is expensive.
The palace on the east bank of Fuhai, all pillars and room beams are filled with diamonds and gems.
Illabing Yuanmingyuan is another crime of British French forces to cover up the crime of robbery and theft. This is the sinner's sinful logic.
Since 1700, the rulers of the Qing Dynasty gathered financial and material resources, and the service has enabled countless capable craftsmen. After more than 150 years, the five emperors have been built into Yuanmingyuan. Known as the "China First Garden", it has the reputation of "Oriental Museum".
In Qianlong to 24 years of Qianlong, the Qing court used 14 years to absorb the Baruk form of western buildings. At the northern end of Changchun Garden, it was built in the ten scenic spots of Dashui Dharma. building". The Western Tower was designed and supervised by Emperor Hongli Emperor Lang Shining, French Jiang Youren and Wang Zhicheng, and was built by Chinese craftsmen. Western -style palaces are built in Chinese gardens. Haiyantang is the largest building in the western building. There are fountains in front of the building. On the east and west sides of the upstairs, there is a water car room with a industrial shape and a reservoir in the middle.
In October 1860, the British and French forces broke into Yuanmingyuan and carried out a terrible robbery. In order to cover up the brutal atrocities of trample on human civilization, on October 18, the invaders burned this rare art treasure house at home and abroad.
In 1900, the Eight -Power Allied Forces invaded, and the Yuanmingyuan was caught again. More than ten scenic spots were plundered. The robbers plundered a large number of art treasures in the park. Treasure. The statue of the twelve zodiac signs of the Daishui method is also difficult to escape. The stone sculptures were destroyed, and the copper beast head also flowed overseas. The destruction of Yuanmingyuan is an inestimable loss in the history of the motherland, and it is also an inestimable loss in the history of world culture!
The Yuanming Garden in the northwestern suburbs of Beijing is a world -famous royal garden. It consists of Yuanmingyuan, Wanchun Garden and Changchun Garden, so it is also called Yuanming Sanyuan. In addition, there are many small gardens, which are distributed on the east, west and south south of the Yuanmingyuan, and the stars are surrounded by the Yuanmingyuan.
The golden halls in the Yuanmingyuan and the exquisite pavilions and pavilions; there are "buying and selling streets" symbolizing the lively market, as well as the rural villages that symbolize the rural scenery. Many scenes in the garden are built in accordance with the place of victory everywhere. Such as Pinghu Qiuyue, Lei Fengxi in Hangzhou West Lake, Anlan Garden in Haining, Lion Forest in Suzhou. There are also many landscapes built according to the poetry of ancient poets, such as Penglai Yaotai and Wuling spring ... There are not only national buildings, but also western landscapes. In the walking garden, it is like a roaming in Tiannanhai and the north, full of Chinese and foreign landscapes; when lingering, it seems to be in the realm of fantasy.
The Yuanmingyuan not only magnificent architecture, but also the most precious historical relics. From the bronze rituals in the pre -Qin era, to Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming, and Qing Celebraous Celebrity calligraphy and painting, all kinds of strange treasures. Therefore, it was the largest museum and art museum in the world at that time
At the prosperous of the Yuanmingyuan, no less than 1.5 million pieces of cultural relics
The bronze statue of the zodiac signs is just a drop in the sea of losing cultural relics in Yuanmingyuan.
It today in the Yuanmingyuan Site Park, people can only see the semi -waste landscapes and broken walls. It is difficult to imagine the reputation of "Wanyuan Garden" here. There are hundreds of famous scenic groups in the Yuanmingyuan of Shengshi. The several generations of the Qing Dynasty have carefully operated this royal garden in Western architectural style in more than 150 years. The place where emperors are traveling can not be surpassed. "But now, people can only use their imagination to speculate the style of Yuanmingyuan more than a hundred years ago.
How is the cultural relics in Yuanmingyuan? This issue has divergent opinions so far.
If infected by Mr. Yang, the number of cultural relics in Yuanmingyuan will not be less than 1.5 million. From the historical materials of the Qing Dynasty archives, the research articles of the Palace Museum, and the "Social File of the Summer Palace", he collected a lot of evidence:
The time in Yuanmingyuan is more than half a year. Taking Emperor Qianlong as an example, according to the dresses of the Qing Internal Affairs Mansion, the 21st year of Qianlong, a total of 393 days a year (because of the leap month), Qianlong went to the Rehee Summer Villa and Mulan Pymalisa for 66 days, and went to Qufu for 54 days. Inner (Forbidden City) 105 days, live in Yuanmingyuan for 168 days. Twenty -four years of Daoguang, 347 days throughout the year, Emperor Daoguang lived in Yuanmingyuan for 274 days, and lived in the palace for only 73 days. Therefore, the furnishings in the Yuanming Park should not be inferior to the Forbidden City.
The building area of the Yuanming Garden is 200,000 square meters, which is more than 40,000 square meters more than the entire building area of the Forbidden City. Except for the area of pavilion that will not have any furnishings, the construction area of the park, sacrifice, reading, amusement, storage warehouses, etc. is about 190,000 square meters. If the number of cultural relics in general furnishings and warehouses is stored in general furnishings and warehouses, it should also be no less than the number of cultural relics in the Forbidden City. According to the calculation, the real estate relics of the Forbidden City should be at least about 1.5 million when Pu Yi abdicated.
Themailing in the Gwang of the Gwangles During the During the Direct, it is in detail to inspect the reservoir in the palace and the Yuanming gardens in the fifteen years. 280,694 in Yuanming Garden; 1621 of Ruyi, including 1,194 palaces, and 450 types of Yuanming Garden; 501 such as jade and strokes, including 142 palace memory, 337 yuan in Yuanming garden; first -class porcelain furnaces, bottles, tanks, etc. A total of 773 pieces, including 337 palace memory, 291 storage of Yuanming Garden ... The collection of Yuanmingyuan can be seen slightly.
The r
in 1860, the British and French forces were snatched by most cultural relics when the British and French coalition destroyed the Yuanmingyuan.
. According to the British French Invasion Army, which participated in the robbery of the Yuanmingyuan that year: In order to auction the treasures robbed from the Yuanmingyuan, they "arranged the full exhibition in the hall of the Lama Temple", among which there are various types The color of white and green jade, antique enamel porcelain bottle, bronze utensils, gold and silver Buddha statues; fur products are also particularly exquisite, many of them are very precious, including sable, otter, sable, lambskin leather Waiting; especially the purpose of the dynasty, there are two or three emperors. The British commander Grant gave his "deserved" part of the soldiers, "the officers presented him with a red gold jug that was carved with patterns, which was the most exquisite thing in the stolen products." The Queen of England also got a copy of the two beautiful large enamel bottles.
The commander of the French Army's commander of the French Army made one of the two golds and jasper grabbing, one was given to Grant to the Queen of Britain, and the other was dedicated to the French King Napoleon III. After returning to China, Mencopo dedicated to Napoleon III: two general decorative sticks, made of gold, inlaid with large gems in the middle and ends, and the workmanship is extremely fine; The French Jimei Military Museum is exhibited), with a battle helmet; the bronze pagoda of gilt and glaze; several idols made of gold and glaze; many rings, collars, wine glasses, lacquer wares, porcelain, and thousands of rare play objects Essence
Eytriulus, the plunder Yuanmingyuan cultural relics are scattered around the world through various auctions and other clubs. But most of them are preserved in Britain and France.
The Oriental Art Museum of the British Museum preserved more than 20,000 rare treasures in China. The British army dedicated part of the cultural relics they was robbed to the Queen Victoria at the time. This part of the dedication of the cultural relics and the auctioned Yuanmingyuan cultural relics were all put into the Oriental Art Museum. During the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Gu Kaizhi's "Female History Phase" was a rare treasure in the ancient scroll paintings of my country. In 1860, he was taken away by the British French forces from Yuanmingyuan; After being stolen from Yuanmingyuan, and after being copied, Yuma was re -put back to Yuanmingyuan, and eventually did not escape the fate of being looted.
The Chinese museum in Fengdan Bailu Palace, Paris, France, was built by Queen Ouyei of Napoleon III. After the British -French coalition forces destroyed the Yuanmingyuan in 1860, the commander of the French Army Mencius, the "warriper" robbed from Yuanmingyuan was dedicated to the Queen of Napoleon III and Euei. Queen Ouyini built the Chinese museum and collected these cultural relics.
The most prominent positions in the Chinese museum are a huge stupa, 2 meters high, bronze gilt gold, and the whole layer is inlaid with emerald. The left and right of the tower are a target tooth and a pair of bronze carved dragons, just like the bronze dragon -shaped system in front of the emperor's throne in the Forbidden City, the Summer Villa, etc., indicating that this pair of bronze dragons should be the place in front of the throne of the emperor of the Yuanming Garden of the Yuanmingyuan Garden. Things. A pair of golden tanks and a golden ta (Tibetan Buddhist temple fabric), the golden tanks were shining in Ruyi patterns, and King Manza was inlaid with pearls, turquoise and ruby, which showed how luxurious the arrangement was in the Yuanmingyuan at that time. There is a bunch of big rosary in the glass table and cabinet. There are 154 beads, which is different from the beads of 108 beads. Dedicated to Queen Ouyini, he did not expect that Queen Ouyini was not satisfied, because she had already heard that the officers of the expedition to China all returned. She complained that Mencopo only brought her a gift, so Menzo also sent her three car treasures, and a total of seven cars were sent before and after, including various bronze, jade, porcelain, lacquerware, gold, gold, and gold from the Yuanmingyuan Silver products, Jingtai Lan ...
This in the Metropolitan Museum of New York, USA has a handle of Kangxi Jade Ruyi carved with precious white jade. The two big characters of the royal system, the lower inscription is: "Respect for repeated years, the world is salty. Wu Jinggong entered." The exhibit description shows that this exquisite jade Ruyi was bought at the Paris auction after being robbed by the British and French forces ...
Is a day when there is a cultural relic of Yuanmingyuan?
The staff of the Yuanmingyuan Management Office have been inquiring about the whereabouts of the loss of cultural relics. With their efforts, some of the Copper Copper Cultural Relics, which are flowing in my country's folk, have clues. Mr. Yang Laiyun gave reporters for example that there was a pair of bronze lions in a unit in Beijing. It is said that it was once the Italian consulate in China. He was transported back to this pair of bronze lions from a place in Xishan (also said from the Yuanmingyuan) around 1900. According to Mr. Yang's understanding, this pair of bronze lions was produced during the Jiaqing period, and during the Jiaqing period, there was no large garden building in Xishan to build Qichun Garden. Qichun Garden is a part of the Yuanmingyuan. The palace gate of Qichun Garden was completed during the Jiaqing period. This pair of bronze lions should be the bronze lion at the door of Qichun Garden.
One or two years ago, a lady named Niu donated two vases and mirrors passed down to Yuanmingyuan. After preliminary research, these two vases were during the Guangxu period, one was from the Jiaqing period, and the three items were the Yuanmingyuan items that Prince Gong was degraded to the Qing Dynasty.
, after all, the cultural relics left in my country's folk Yuanmingyuan are a minority. A large number of precious cultural relics are lost overseas. Mr. Yang said helplessly: "The key issue is the lack of relevant international laws and conventions." Although my country has participated in several international conventions in the protection of cultural relics, the retrospective power of various international conventions and the contracting countries are very limited.
"But we must constantly call for it and negotiate with relevant countries. At the appropriate time, the United Nations Education and Sciences will jointly introduce relevant laws to restore illegal cultural relics from various countries." Mr. Yang said.
The literary and historical section where Mr. Yang is located has been committed to collecting information about the cultural relics of Yuanmingyuan, which is lost overseas, hoping to prepare for the cultural relics in the future. They hope that people who see the cultural relics of Yuanmingyuan in foreign museums will be able to return a portion of the introduction information to them.
Mrly said that the cultural information carried by historical relics can only produce the greatest effect only in its "origin". Leaving the historical relics of the cultural mother is just a lonely decoration. The Yuanmingyuan Site Park is being declared the World Cultural Heritage. If the declaration is successful, then according to the relevant provisions of the UNESCO's relevant provisions of the protective world cultural heritage and the spirit of "protecting cultural heritage in the origin", the relevant countries should not "rely" The cultural relics of Yuanmingyuan are not repaid.
In Qianlong to 24 years of Qianlong, the Qing court used 14 years to absorb the Baruk form of western buildings. At the northern end of Changchun Garden, it was built in the ten scenic spots of Dashui Dharma, commonly known as the "Western Building". The Western Tower was designed and supervised by Emperor Hongli Emperor Lang Shining, French Jiang Youren and Wang Zhicheng, and was built by Chinese craftsmen. Western -style palaces are built in Chinese gardens. Haiyantang is the largest building in the western building. There are fountains in front of the building. On the east and west sides of the upstairs, there is a water car room with a industrial shape and a reservoir in the middle.
In October 1860, the British and French forces broke into Yuanmingyuan and carried out a terrible robbery. In order to cover up the brutal atrocities of trample on human civilization, on October 18, the invaders burned this rare art treasure house at home and abroad.
In 1900, the Eight -Power Allied Forces invaded, and the Yuanmingyuan was caught again. More than ten scenic spots were plundered. The robbers plundered a large number of art treasures in the park. Doom, stone carvings were destroyed, bronze beast head and famous bronze wares of Shang and Zhou Dynasty, ceramics of all ages, calligraphy and painting of ancient celebrities, the imperial seals of the Qing emperor, as well as palace furnishings such as Yu Ruyi, clocks, gold tower, and jade. There are exquisite artworks such as the Qing Dynasty porcelain, lacquerware, jade wares, tooth carving enamel, cloisonne, coral, agate, amber, crystal, gem, beads, wood carvings, etc. also flow overseas. "Siku Quanshu", "All Books", "Ancient and Modern Book Integration", "Chunhua Pavilion Post" and other precious books and cultural relics have not been spared.
Pay content for time limit to check for freenAnswer the strange treasures in the Yuanmingyuan include the first bronze statue of the Twelve Zodiac beasts, the hexagonal bottle, the female history of the female history, the forty views, and the Kangxiyu Ruyi. The specific introduction is as follows: 1. The bronze statue of the first zodiac beast of the Yuanmingyuan Zodiac Beast, the first bronze statue of the Zodiac beast of the Zodiac Signs, was originally part of the fountain outside the Haiyan Hall of the Yuanmingyuan. In 1860, the British and French forces invaded China, burned the Yuanmingyuan, and the bronze statue of the beast began to lose overseas. 2. Qianlong Qianlong Fanlong Green Sauce Glaze Drawing Gold and Silver Lotus Fancaine Powder San Duo Gua Guogukou in the heart painted blue and white tangled flower pattern hexagonal bottle. The transition period of the heart bottle is very high in technology and technology. Especially the outer layer is not a round ball, but a hexagonal hollow. In terms of shape, blanking, hollow, and mezzanine, the manufacturing difficulty has added another layer. 3. Female historical picture "Female History Phase" is a silk painting work created by Gu Kaizhi, Eastern Jin Dynasty. The original work has been crowded, and there are currently Tang Dynasty copies. The original 12 sections. Because of the age, there are only 9 sections of the existing existing, setting color for silk.
There are extremely rich books and cultural relics in the Yuanming Garden. Wenyuan Pavilion is a library built by the Ningbo Fan Tianyi Pavilion. It is one of the famous Royal North Four Pavilion. It was built in the forty years of Qianlong. In the pavilion, Qianlong Qin's "Siku Quanshu" and Kangxi's "Integration of Ancient and Modern Books" were collected. "Siku Quanshu" is the largest comprehensive book in ancient my country. It received more than 3,400 books, with nearly 80,000 volumes and more than 36,000 volumes. It reflects the ancient civilization of our country and shows the great spirit of the Chinese nation. Because of the vast articles of "The Book", those who selected it at the time were compiled and compiled into "Siku Quanshu Essentials", with 12,000 volumes. "Hui" copied two parts, one was stored in the Palace Palace, and the other was collected in the "Weiyi Study Room", which was collected in Changchun Garden with the Scriptures. In addition, there is also a well -known Wenxuan -Chun Huaxuan, which is specially built for the collection of the famous law post "Chunhua Pavilion Post". The "Pavilion" was originally engraved with the three years of Junhua (992) in Beining, including Wang Xizhi, Wang Xianzhi, and even Cangjie, Xia Yu, and Confucius. Ten volumes of posts are the first large -scale posts in our country, and they are known as the ancestors of the posts. During the Qianlong period, according to the "Early Expansion of the Northern Song Dynasty" in the "Pavilion Post", after the fine trial was determined, the hook carved stone was carried out. After three years, until the spring of the thirty -seventh year of Qianlong (1772), the 144 posts engraved were embedded in the left and right corridors in front of Chunhuaxuan. This is the famous "Qianjun Chunhua Pavilion Post". Needless to say, when the Yuanming Park was destroyed, the "Siku Quanshu", "All Books", "Integration of Ancient and Modern Books", and "Chunhua Pavilion Posts" in the garden were not spared. This can reflect the burning of the imperialist invaders of the imperialist aggressive garden and the huge damage caused by human culture. Of course, nothing will be perfect. The Yuanmingyuan is so great that it has been expanded and reconstructed by the emperor several dynasties. In addition, the influence of the feudal emperor's decaying consciousness, no matter what perspective of it, there is still a shortage of insufficient. However, in general, Yuanming Garden is indeed a very excellent garden. It can be said that it integrates the great achievements of my country's excellent gardening art, pushing our classical gardens to a new height. At that time, anyone who had witnessed his grand occasion said it was indeed good. Some Western people have begun to look at the Chinese gardens, and it starts from Yuanmingyuan. In short, Yuanmingyuan has won honors for our ancient civilization, which used to be the pride of our Chinese nation!
A palace in Yuanmingyuan is completely built with sandalwood and is expensive.
The palace on the east bank of Fuhai, all pillars and room beams are filled with diamonds and gems.
Illabing Yuanmingyuan is another crime of British French forces to cover up the crime of robbery and theft. This is the sinner's sinful logic.
Since 1700, the rulers of the Qing Dynasty gathered financial and material resources, and the service has enabled countless capable craftsmen. After more than 150 years, the five emperors have been built into Yuanmingyuan. Known as the "China First Garden", it has the reputation of "Oriental Museum".
In Qianlong to 24 years of Qianlong, the Qing court used 14 years to absorb the Baruk form of western buildings. At the northern end of Changchun Garden, it was built in the ten scenic spots of Dashui Dharma. building". The Western Tower was designed and supervised by Emperor Hongli Emperor Lang Shining, French Jiang Youren and Wang Zhicheng, and was built by Chinese craftsmen. Western -style palaces are built in Chinese gardens. Haiyantang is the largest building in the western building. There are fountains in front of the building. On the east and west sides of the upstairs, there is a water car room with a industrial shape and a reservoir in the middle.
In October 1860, the British and French forces broke into Yuanmingyuan and carried out a terrible robbery. In order to cover up the brutal atrocities of trample on human civilization, on October 18, the invaders burned this rare art treasure house at home and abroad.
In 1900, the Eight -Power Allied Forces invaded, and the Yuanmingyuan was caught again. More than ten scenic spots were plundered. The robbers plundered a large number of art treasures in the park. Treasure. The statue of the twelve zodiac signs of the Daishui method is also difficult to escape. The stone sculptures were destroyed, and the copper beast head also flowed overseas. The destruction of Yuanmingyuan is an inestimable loss in the history of the motherland, and it is also an inestimable loss in the history of world culture!
The Yuanming Garden in the northwestern suburbs of Beijing is a world -famous royal garden. It consists of Yuanmingyuan, Wanchun Garden and Changchun Garden, so it is also called Yuanming Sanyuan. In addition, there are many small gardens, which are distributed on the east, west and south south of the Yuanmingyuan, and the stars are surrounded by the Yuanmingyuan.
The golden halls in the Yuanmingyuan and the exquisite pavilions and pavilions; there are "buying and selling streets" symbolizing the lively market, as well as the rural villages that symbolize the rural scenery. Many scenes in the garden are built in accordance with the place of victory everywhere. Such as Pinghu Qiuyue, Lei Fengxi in Hangzhou West Lake, Anlan Garden in Haining, Lion Forest in Suzhou. There are also many landscapes built according to the poetry of ancient poets, such as Penglai Yaotai and Wuling spring ... There are not only national buildings, but also western landscapes. In the walking garden, it is like a roaming in Tiannanhai and the north, full of Chinese and foreign landscapes; when lingering, it seems to be in the realm of fantasy.
The Yuanmingyuan not only magnificent architecture, but also the most precious historical relics. From the bronze rituals in the pre -Qin era, to Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming, and Qing Celebraous Celebrity calligraphy and painting, all kinds of strange treasures. Therefore, it was the largest museum and art museum in the world at that time.
On October 6, 1860, the British and French coalitions invaded Beijing and broke into Yuanmingyuan. They took away all the things in the garden, and they were all taken away. If you ca n’t go away, you will destroy and destroy it at any. In order to destroy the evidence of crime, on October 18th and 19th, more than 3,000 invaders were ordered to set fire in the park. The fire burned for three days, and the smoke clouds shrouded the entire Beijing city. The essence of the garden art and the essence of architectural art in my country has been turned into ashes.